We’ve all failed a test. More than one, in fact. But why do we fail even if we continuously study for hours on end? Perhaps, you might be studying wrong. These inefficient study habits negatively impact the outcome of our test scores, since we don’t fully grasp the entirety of the material. 

There are  two ways of studying: passive and active. When you’re passively studying, you’re just re-reading the text, highlighting, and reviewing notes. It seems, this technique might work for some, if you really focus on the content. But in the long-run, it isn’t very beneficial.

A small number of students actually actively study. Active studying is when you are engaging in the material, using flashcards, practice tests, etc. So, what does active studying include and how can we use it? Here are the top 5 strategies that will help:

• Spaced Repetition

Spaced repetition is when you review the content in time intervals. For example, you review the same topic every other day, instead of every day. This allows for you to retain more information equally, instead of moving one topic to the next. This allows you to mix the content and get a refresher of each concept often.

• Mind Mapping

Mind mapping is when you physically draw out a diagram. In the middle is the main topic, the branches lead to smaller topics, and so on. The branches can contain subtopics, or short sentences. This allows you to move on from one topic to the next, similar to a chronological order of ideas. Mind mapping is beneficial for visual learners who don’t learn well with just a list of bullet points.

• Active Recall

Active recall can be used in different ways. The most effective method is using multiple forms of practice questions, such as quizlet flashcards, testing a friend, or trying to teach the concept to a younger sibling in simple terms.

• The Feynman Technique

The Feynman Technique is when you choose a concept that will most likely appear on your test, and attempt to teach it to someone else. Simplifying the topic and creating analogies helps you understand the basis of the material by using clear and concise words.

• The Pomodoro Technique

The Pomodoro Technique is when you space out your studying. Each study block is for 25 minutes, followed by a 5 minute break. This prevents burnout and allows your brain to rest for a few minutes before you start to lose focus and concentration. Although this technique will take a lot longer to get through the material, it has proven effective in being able to retain more information, instead of cramming.

These active studying techniques, when combined together, will help you study more efficiently and for a shorter amount of time with higher results. Although each person requires a customized study schedule, these study tips listed above will give you an upper-hand when studying for your next test.